jc: Part 2 Turin

KJV and N-KJV
http://www.biblestudytools.com/parallel-bible/passage/?q=acts+8&t=kjv&t2=nkjv

KJV
https://www.jesus-is-lord.com/thebible.htm

Webster Dictionary
http://webstersdictionary1828.com

Justin Martyr
http://www.preteristarchive.com/ChurchHistory/0150_justin_trypho-jew.html

Roman Numeral Conversion
http://www.onlineconversion.com/roman_numerals_advanced.htm

Unknown God Agnostos Theos

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unknown_God

http://biblicalarchaeology.theworldnewsmedia.org/post/106275385347/altar-of-unknown-god-from-the-palatine-museum-in

http://blog.olivetree.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/unknowngod.png

http://blog.olivetree.com/2014/10/03/look-inside-a-visual-guide-to-bible-events/

https://www.olivetree.com/store/product.php?productid=21238

https://www.usc.edu/dept/LAS/wsrp/educational_site/biblical_manuscripts/LeningradCodex.shtml

https://www.usc.edu/dept/LAS/wsrp/educational_site/dead_sea_scrolls/

https://www.usc.edu/dept/LAS/wsrp/educational_site/biblical_manuscripts/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Septuagint_manuscripts

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papyrus_Fouad_266

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papyrus_Rylands_458

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Septuagint_manuscripts

http://www.bibliahebraica.com/the_texts/septuagint.htm

https://www.bible.com/bible/463/psa.23.nabre

https://www.bible.com/versions/463-nabre-new-american-bible-revised-edition

Relatively complete manuscripts of the LXX include the Codex Vaticanus and the Codex Sinaiticus of the 4th century AD/CE and the Codex Alexandrinus of the 5th century. These are indeed the oldest surviving nearly-complete manuscripts of the Old Testament in any language; the oldest extant complete Hebrew texts date much later, from around 1000.

The discovery of many fragments in the Dead Sea scrolls that agree with the Septuagint rather than the Masoretic proved that many of the variants in Greek were also present in early Semitic editions.

When Jerome started preparation of a new Vulgate translation of the Bible into Latin, he started with the Septuagint, checking it against the newer Hebrew Masoretic Text, he discovered many significant differences. Encouraged by his Jewish friends who provided him the Masoretic with their insistence of its perfect accuracy, Jerome at last broke with all church tradition to translate the Old Testament not from the age-old Greek but from his new find, the Masoretic. The Psalms in the Masoretic differ particularly from the Septuagint, although the Latin Mass still used the Psalms from the older Greek versions. Indeed, all the other early Christian translations of the Old Testament were done from the Greek version and Church fathers such as Origen remarked on how Jewish religionists differed in both the interpretation of the Old Testament and how over time the Jewish text grew different from the Christian in wording.

http://www.bibliahebraica.com

http://www.bibliahebraica.com/texts.htm

http://www.bibliahebraica.com/the_texts/septuagint.htm

http://www.bibliahebraica.com/the_texts/dead_sea_scrolls.htm

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masoretic_Text

https://majorityrights.com/weblog/comments/guns_lies_and_forgeriesa_bible_story

http://www.biblearchaeology.org/post/2012/02/17/The-Role-of-the-Septuagint-in-the-Transmission-of-the-Scriptures.aspx

http://www.doxa.ws/Messiah/Lxx_mt.html

http://www.septuagint.net/septuagint.htm

http://www.allaboutarchaeology.org/Dead-Sea-Scrolls.htm

http://www.bible-researcher.com/catholic-conflict.html

http://www.biblicalarchaeology.org/daily/biblical-artifacts/dead-sea-scrolls/the-masoretic-text-and-the-dead-sea-scrolls/

Nevertheless, there are differences (some quite significant) between the scrolls and the Masoretic text.

http://www.truthmagazine.com/archives/volume45/V4501040102.htm

https://www.bibleandscience.com/bible/sources/deadseascrolls.htm

http://oca.org/reflections/fr.-john-breck/the-sacred-shroud

https://www.shroud.com/dreisbc2.htm

https://www.shroud.com/belyakov.htm

http://www.roca.org/OA/65/65m.htm

http://shroudstory.com/2013/11/11/a-russian-orthodox-perspective-on-the-shroud-of-turin/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shroud_of_Turin

http://www.thebanmappingproject.com/resources/timeline_9.html

Septuagint Justin Matyr
http://www.earlychristiandictionary.com/Septuagint.html

http://www.ccel.org/fathers.html

http://www.earlychristiandictionary.com/Septuagint.html

http://www.earlychristiandictionary.com/Septuagint.html#I

http://www.earlychristiandictionary.com/Septuagint.html#II

http://www.biblestudytools.com/history/early-church-fathers/ante-nicene/

http://www.biblestudytools.com/history/early-church-fathers/ante-nicene/vol-1-apostolic-with-justin-martyr-irenaeus/

http://www.ccel.org/fathers.html

https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Ante-Nicene_Fathers

http://www.ccel.org/contrib/exec_outlines/islam/islam_03.htm

http://www.ecclesia.org/truth/martyrdom.html

http://www.britannica.com/topic/Nash-Papyrus

http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2013/05/130530-worlds-oldest-torah-scroll-bible-bologna-carbon-dating/

http://christianity.stackexchange.com/questions/18933/what-are-the-oldest-surviving-manuscripts-of-the-scriptures

http://www.armageddonbooks.com/biblemap.jpg

http://www.armageddonbooks.com/chartgift.html

http://www.biblerays.com/uploads/8/0/4/2/8042023/ages_map.jpg

http://www.thepoweroftheword.com/images/products/3--bible_proph_chart_guide_03.jpg

http://www.diostube.com/alerta/images/eventos.jpg

https://s-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/originals/47/cc/24/47cc247bec42f3e8f449db47ac932565.jpg

know the enemy
Same enemy since the beginning
Lcfr Stn 6vv

right turn at LXX ante
right turn at year zero
JC
LXX vs MT
Grt Schsm

Jrm fkd _p

know who is NOT the enemy

___________________________________________________________________

Septuagint LXX
Septuagint LXX
Septuagint LXX

______________

NIV
New International Version
Zondervan
2011

Preface
Page vii

The New Testament authors, writing in Greek, often quote the Old Testament from its ancient Greek version, the Septuagint. That is one reason why some of the Old Testament quotations in the NIV New Testament are not identical to the corresponding passages in the NIV Old Testatment.

Preface
Page vi

For the Old Testament the standard Hebrew text, the Masoretic Text as published in the latest edition of the Biblica Hebraica, has been used throughout.

______________

NIV
Zondervan Study Bible

http://www.zondervan.com/niv-zondervan-study-bible-2

Preview

https://www.scribd.com/fullscreen/260148299?access_key=key-U3TkaMyIzZ5fi4o8sAK4&allow_share=true&escape=false&show_recommendations=false&view_mode=scroll

Preface
xxv
xxvi

Textual Basis

For the Old Testament the standard Hebrew text, the Masoretic Text as published in the latest edition of Biblia Hebraica, has been used throughout.

The New Testament authors, writing in Greek, often quote the Old Testament from its ancient Greek version, the Septuagint. This is one reason why some of the Old Testament quotations in the NIV New Testament are not identical to the corresponding passages in the NIV Old Testament. Such quotations in the New Testament are indicated with the footnote “(see Septuagint).”

______________

Catholic Study Bible
2nd Edition
by Donald Senior (Editor), John J. Collins (Editor)

http://www.amazon.com/Catholic-Study-Bible-Donald-Senior/dp/0195297768

Septuagint LXX

1801

Septuagint
the ancient Greek translation of the Hebrew Scriptures.

The Septuagint was translated
in the third century B.C.

there were 72 translators

70 in roman numerals LXX

The Septuagint was prepared for the use of Jews who lived outside the land of Israel and whose main language was Greek.

it translated a version of the Hebrew text that is older than the currently available Hebrew ( Masoretic ) text

it was the Bible of early Christians and therefore represents what they thought of Scripture

________________

Catholic Study Bible
2nd Edition
by Donald Senior (Editor), John J. Collins (Editor)

http://www.amazon.com/Catholic-Study-Bible-Donald-Senior/dp/0195297768

Septuagint LXX

68

After the Babylonian exile ( sixth century BC ),
when the Jews dispersed throughout the ancient world and began to lose command of their native Hebrew tongue, the need arose to produce a translation of their Hebrew Bible into the vernacular of the empire, which at the time was Greek. Thus was produced one of the great translations of all time, the Septuagint LXX, which had a major influence on all the writers of the New Testament

5

earliest Christianity used an ancient Greek translation of the Old Testament ( called the Septuagint ) as its Bible.

Greek version of the Bible

Since most of early Christians were Greek speaking,
this is the Bible they preferred.

when Judaism officially set out to determine its canon at the end of the first century, it drew up a shorter list of thirty-nine books, those written in Hebrew.

In the Reformation period, Protestants went back this shorter, Hebrew canon, considering it more authentic

55

certainly no later than AD 180 - the Catholic Church had composed a list, a canon, of authoritative Scriptures that resembled very closely the contents of this Study Bible. It included the Old Testament, understood now as a collection of writing pointing typologically beyond itself to Christ, and a New Testament. The former was the Greek Septuagint, which included the Apocrypha, books not allowed by the rabbis into the Jewish canon in the first two centuries after Jesus' birth. The contents of the latter were very much like those of our Greek New Testament

55

In his Dialogue with Trypho the Jew (ca. 160)
Justin Martyr

Christ
had been foreshadowed in the Hebrew Scriptures

1804

Typology

understanding persons or events,
especially in the New Testament,
by referring them to the Old Testament

221

the Greek translation of the Old Testament made for Diaspora Jews, many of whom could no longer read Hebrew

272

The Hellenization of the World

the last half of the fourth century BC

Alexander the Great

Greek Culture

Alexander's death 323 BC

Ptolemy gained control of Egypt
established
in Alexandria

Seleucus
Babylon
Antioch

Hellenization
Jewish
Seleucid ruler
Antiochus Epiphanes
Maccabean revolt ( 167-142 BC )

Ptolemies

A large colony of Jews lived in Alexandria and accommodated itself to Greek language and culture. This was the group that translated its religious traditions from Hebrew to Greek,
thus producing
the Septuagint
Latin for seventy
LXX

The Alexandrian
Greek version of the Scriptures was
the one in popular use during the first century of the Christian era.

Christians continued to revere the Alexandrian tradition.

In fact, by comparing the Old Testament citations used by New Testament writers, scholars conclude that a good number, if not most of them, come from the Alexandrian rather than from the earlier Palestinian version.

Greek canon
authentic early church tradition

54

Hellenistic Judaism
Philo of Alexandria ( 20 BC - AD 50 ).
With non-Jewish Hellenistic interpreters,
he shared several crucial assumptions:
the the text ( the Septuagint ) was divinely inspired and thus permanently normative

______________

Catholic Study Bible
2nd Edition
by Donald Senior (Editor), John J. Collins (Editor)

http://www.amazon.com/Catholic-Study-Bible-Donald-Senior/dp/0195297768

Masoretic text

1795

Masoretic text
the text of the Hebrew Bible, established by Jewish Scholars ( called Masoretes ).

Text derived from this effort date from circa A.D. 900 to 1000.

The Masoretic test is the only complete form of the Hebrew Bible that has come down to us

______________

Septuagint
Biblical literature
Written by: The Editors of Encyclopædia Britannica

LXX

http://www.britannica.com/topic/Septuagint

http://www.britannica.com/print/article/535154

Septuagint

Septuagint, abbreviation Lxx, the earliest extant Greek translation of the Old Testament from the original Hebrew,

made for the use of the Jewish community in Egypt when Greek was the lingua franca throughout the region.

Analysis of the language has established that the Torah, or Pentateuch (the first five books of the Old Testament), was translated near the middle of the 3rd century BC and that the rest of the Old Testament was translated in the 2nd century BC.

The name Septuagint (from the Latin septuaginta, “70”) was derived later from the legend that there were 72 translators, 6 from each of the 12 tribes of Israel, who worked in separate cells, translating the whole, and in the end all their versions were identical.

The language of much of the early Christian church was Greek, and it was in the Septuagint text that many early Christians located the prophecies
fulfilled by Christ.

Jews
stopped using the Septuagint.

Its subsequent history lies within the Christian church.

it was the Septuagint, not the original Hebrew, that was the main basis for the Old Latin, Coptic, Ethiopic, Armenian, Georgian, Slavonic, and part of the Arabic translations of the Old Testament.

It has never ceased to be the standard version of the Old Testament in the Greek church

The text of the Septuagint is contained in
early
manuscripts.
The best known of these are the Codex Vaticanus (B) and the Codex Sinaiticus (S), both dating from the 4th century AD, and the Codex Alexandrinus (A) from the 5th century. There are also numerous earlier papyrus fragments and many later manuscripts.

______________

Catholic Encyclopedia

Septuagint

http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13722a.htm

Septuagint

The first translation of the Hebrew Old Testament, made into popular Greek before the Christian era.

(1) The Septuagint is the most ancient translation of the Old Testament and consequently is invaluable to critics for understanding and correcting the Hebrew text (Massorah), the latter, such as it has come down to us, being the text established by the Massoretes in the sixth century A.D. Many textual corruptions, additions, omissions, or transpositions must have crept into the Hebrew text between the third and second centuries B.C. and the sixth and seventh centuries of our era; the manuscripts therefore which the Seventy had at their disposal, may in places have been better than the Massoretic manuscripts.

(2) The Septuagint Version accepted first by the Alexandrian Jews, and afterwards by all the Greek-speaking countries, helped to spread among the Gentiles the idea and the expectation of the Messias, and to introduce into Greek the theological terminology that made it a most suitable instrument for the propagation of the Gospel of Christ.

(3) The Jews made use of it long before the Christian Era, and in the time of Christ it was recognised as a legitimate text, and was employed in Palestine even by the rabbis. The Apostles and Evangelists utilised it also and borrowed Old Testament citations from it, especially in regard to the prophecies. The Fathers and the other ecclesiastical writers of the early Church drew upon it, either directly, as in the case of the Greek Fathers, or indirectly, like the Latin Fathers and writers and others who employed Latin, Syriac, Ethiopian, Arabic and Gothic versions. It was held in high esteem by all, some even believed it inspired. Consequently, a knowledge of the Septuagint helps to a perfect understanding of these literatures.

(4) At the present time, the Septuagint is the official text in the Greek Church, and the ancient Latin Versions used in the western church were made from it; the earliest translation adopted in the Latin Church, the Vetus Itala, was directly from the Septuagint: the meanings adopted in it, the Greek names and words employed (such as: Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers [Arithmoi], Deuteronomy), and finally, the pronunciation given to the Hebrew text, passed very frequently into the Itala, and from it, at times, into the Vulgate, which not rarely gives signs of the influence of the Vetus Itala; this is especially so in the Psalms, the Vulgate translation being merely the Vetus Itala corrected by St. Jerome according to the hexaplar text of the Septuagint.

Origin of the Septuagint

The Septuagint Version is first mentioned in a letter of Aristeas to his brother Philocrates. Here, in substance, is what we read of the origin of the version. Ptolemy II Philadelphus, King of Egypt (287-47 BC) had recently established a valuable library at Alexandria. He was persuaded by Demetrius of Phalarus, chief librarian, to enrich it with a copy of the sacred books of the Jews. To win the good graces of this people, Ptolemy, by the advice of Aristeas, an officer of the royal guard, an Egyptian by birth and a pagan by religion, emancipated 100,000 slaves in different parts of his kingdom. He then sent delegates, among whom was Aristeas, to Jerusalem, to ask Eleazar, the Jewish high-priest, to provide him with a copy of the Law, and Jews capable of translating it into Greek. The embassy was successful: a richly ornamented copy of the Law was sent to him and seventy-two Israelites, six from each tribe, were deputed to go to Egypt and carry out the wish of the king. They were received with great honor and during seven days astonished everyone by the wisdom they displayed in answering seventy-two questions which they were asked; then they were led into the solitary island of Pharos, where they began their work, translating the Law, helping one another and comparing translations in proportion as they finished them. At the end of seventy-two days, their work was completed, The translation was read in presence of the Jewish priests, princes, and people assembled at Alexandria, who all recognized and praised its perfect conformity with the Hebrew original. The king was greatly pleased with the work and had it placed in the library.

Aristeas' account gained credence; Aristobulus (170-50 B.C.), in a passage preserved by Eusebius, says that "through the efforts of Demetrius of Phalerus a complete translation of the Jewish legislation was executed in the days of Ptolemy"; Aristeas's story is repeated almost verbatim by Flavius Josephus (Ant. Jud., XII, ii) and substantially, with the omission of Aristeas' name, by Philo of Alexandria (De vita Moysis, II, vi). the letter and the story were accepted as genuine by many Fathers

commonly accepted view

[ skeptic / speculation ]

commonly accepted view

As to the Pentateuch

[ the following view seems plausible, and is now commonly accepted in its broad lines: ]

The Jews in the last two centuries B.C. were so numerous in Egypt, especially at Alexandria, that at a certain time they formed two-fifths of the entire population. Little by little most of them ceased to use and even forgot the Hebrew language in great part, and there was a danger of their forgetting the Law. Consequently it became customary to interpret in Greek the Law which was read in the synagogues, and it was quite natural that, after a time, some men zealous for the Law should have undertaken to compile a Greek Translation of the Pentateuch. This happened about the middle of the third century B.C.

As to the other Hebrew books — the prophetical and historical — it was natural that the Alexandrian Jews, making use of the translated Pentateuch in their liturgical reunions, should desire to read the remaining books also and hence should gradually have translated all of them into Greek, which had become their maternal language; this would be so much the more likely as their knowledge of Hebrew was diminishing daily.

it is certain that the Law, the Prophets, and at least part of the other books, that is, the hagiographies, existed in Greek before the year 130 B.C., as appears from the prologue of Ecclesiasticus, which does not date later than that year.

Judging by the Egyptian words and expressions occurring in the version, most of the books must have been translated in Egypt and most likely in Alexandria; Esther however was translated in Jerusalem (XI, i).

Subsequent history

The Greek version, known as the Septuagint, welcomed by the Alexandrian Jews, spread quickly throughout the countries in which Greek was spoken; it was utilized by different writers, and supplanted the original text in liturgical services. Philo of Alexandria used it in his writings and looked on the translators as inspired Prophets; it was finally received even by the Jews of Palestine, and was employed notably by Josephus, the Palestinian Jewish historian. We know also that the writers of the New Testament made use of it, borrowing from it most of their citations; it became the Old Testament of the Church and was so highly esteemed by the early Christians that several writers and Fathers declared it to be inspired. The Christians had recourse to it constantly in their controversies with the Jews

the Jews
finally rejected it in favour of the Hebrew text or of more literal translations (Aquila, Theodotion).

Manuscripts

The three most celebrated manuscripts of the Septuagint known are the Vatican, "Codex Vaticanus" (fourth century); the Alexandrian, "Codex Alexandrinus" (fifth century), now in the British Museum,London; and that of Sinai, "Codex Sinaiticus" (fourth century), found by Tischendorf in the convent of St. Catherine, on Mount Sinai, in 1844 and 1849, now part at Leipzig and in part in St. Petersburg; they are all written in uncials.

The "Codex Vaticanus" is the purest of the three; it generally gives the more ancient text, while the"Codex Alexandrinus" borrows much from the hexaplar text and is changed according to the Massoretic text

(The "Codex Vaticanus" is referred to by the letter B; the "Codex Alexandrinus" by the letter A, and the "Codex Sinaiticus" by the first letter of the Hebrew alphabet Aleph or by S).

The "Codex Vaticanus" is the purest of the three; it generally gives the more ancient text,
(fourth century)

Printed editions

All the printed editions of the Septuagint are derived from the three recensions mentioned above.

The most important edition is the Roman or Sixtine, which reproduces the "Codex Vaticanus" almost exclusively. It was published under the direction of Cardinal Caraffa, with the help of various savants, in 1586, by the authority of Sixtus V, to assist the revisers who were preparing the Latin Vulgate edition ordered by the Council of Trent. It has become the textus receptus of the Greek Old Testament

Language

the Septuagint Version was made in popular Greek, the koine dislektos.

the Septuagint is a Greek translation of Hebrew books.

______________

Catholic Encyclopedia

http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/15367a.htm

Versions of the Bible

Synopsis

GREEK: Septuagint; Aquila; Theodotion; Symmachus; other versions.
VERSIONS FROM THE SEPTUAGINT: Vetus Itala or Old Latin; Egyptian or Coptic (Bohairic, Sahidic, Akhmimic, and Fayûmic, i.e. Middle Egyptian or Bashmuric); Ethiopic and Amharic (Falasha, Galla); Gothic; Georgian or Grusian; Syriac; Slavic (Old Slavonic, Russian, Ruthenian, Polish, Czech or Bohemian, Slovak, Serbian or Illyrian, Croation, Bosnian, Dalmatian); Arabic; Armenian.
VERSIONS FROM THE HEBREW: Chaldaic; Syriac (Peschitto); Arabic (Carshuni); Persian; Samaritan Pentateuch; Vulgate; other Latin versions.
HEBREW VERSIONS OF THE NEW TESTAMENT
VERSIONS FROM MIXED SOURCES: Italian; Spanish; Basque; Portuguese; French; German; Dutch and Flemish; Scandinavian (Danish, Swedish, Norwegian, Icelandic); Finnish (Estonian, Laplandish); Hungarian; Celtic (Irish, Scottish, Breton or Armoric, Welsh or Cymric).
MISCELLANEOUS: Aleutian; Aniwa; Aneitumese; Battak; Benga; Bengali; Chinese; Gipsy or Romany; Hindu; Hindustani; Japanese; Javanese; Mexican; Modern Greek.
ENGLISH VERSIONS

Greek

The Septuagint

The Septuagint, or Alexandrine, Version, the first and foremost translation of the Hebrew Bible, was made in the third and second centuries B.C. An account of its origin, recensions, and its historical importance has been given above (see SEPTUAGINT VERSION). It is still the official text of the Greek Church.

Among the Latins its authority was explicitly recognized by the Fathers of the Council of Trent, in compliance with whose wishes Sixtus V, in 1587, published an edition of the Vatican Codex. This, with three others, the Complutensian, Aldine, and Grabian, are the leading representative editions available.

Versions from the Septuagint

The "Vetus Itala" or Old Latin

The origin of the oldest Latin version or versions

long before the end of the second century, Latin translations, though rude and defective, of Tobias, I and II Machabees, and Baruch were in use and that towards the close of the same period, there existed at least one version of the whole Bible, based on the Septuagint and on Greek manuscripts of the New Testament. This was the Vetus Itala, or Old Latin. Its New Testament is possessed complete in some thirty-eight manuscripts, but its Old-Testament text has survived only in parts. As it contained both the protocanonical and the deuterocanonical books and parts of books of the Old Testament, it figured importantly in the history of the Biblical Canon. It exercised a vast influence on the Vulgate and through it on modern translations and the Church language. In the latter part of the fourth century, the text of the Itala was found to have variant readings in different parts of the Church.

Pope Damasus therefore requested St. Jerome to undertake its revision. Guided by old Greek manuscripts, he corrected its mistakes and emended such translations as affected the true sense of the Gospels, and probably followed the same method in revising all the books of the New Testament, which he put forth at Rome about 383. In that year, working from the commonly received text of the Septuagint, he made a cursory revision of the Psalter, which was used in the Roman Churchuntil the time of St. Pius V, and is still retained at St. Peter's, Rome, in the Ambrosian Rite at Milan, and in the Invitatory psalm of Matins in the modern Breviary. About 388, using the Hexaplar text as a basis, he revised the Psalter more carefully and this recension, called the Gallican Psalter from becoming current in Gaul, is now read in the Breviary and in the Vulgate. From the same sources he later corrected all the Old-Testament books that he judged canonical, but even in his own day all this revision, excepting the book of Job was lost. The unrevised text of the greater part of the Old Latin Version continued in use in the Western Church until it was supplanted by the Vulgate.

Versions directly from the Hebrew

The Vulgate

While revising the text of the Old Latin Version, St. Jerome became convinced of the need in the Western Church of a new translation directly from the Hebrew.

His Latin scholarship, his acquaintance with Biblical places and customs obtained by residence in Palestine, and his remarkable knowledge of Hebrew and of Jewish exegetical traditions, especially fitted him for a work of this kind.

He set himself to the task A.D. 390 and in A.D. 405 completed the protocanonical books of the Old Testament from the Hebrew, and the deuterocanonical Books of Tobias and Judith from the Aramaic. To these were added his revision of the Old Latin, or Gallican, Psalter, the New Testament, revised from the Old Latin with the aid of the original Greek, and the remaining deuterocanonical books, and portions of Esther, and Daniel, just as they existed in the Itala.

Thus was formed that version of the Bible which has had no less influence in the Western Church than the Septuagint has had in the Eastern, which has enriched the thought and language of Europe and has been the source of nearly all modern translations of the Scriptures.

The Hebrew text used by St. Jerome was comparatively late, being practically that of the Massoretes. For this reason his version, for textual criticism, has less value than the Peschitto and the Septuagint. As a translation it holds a place between these two.

It was looked upon by some as a perversion

Others held it to be inferior to the Septuagint,

it gradually supplanted the Old Latin Version. Adopted by several writers in the fifth century, it came into more general use in the sixth. At least the Spanish churches employed it in the seventh century, and in the ninth it was found in practically the whole Roman Church. Its title "Vulgate", indicating its common use, and belonging to the Old Latin until the seventh century, was firmly established in the thirteenth. In the sixteenth the Council of Trent declared it the authentic version of the Church.

______________

Catholic Encyclopedia

http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09627a.htm

Manuscripts of the Bible

Hebrew manuscripts

Age

(a) Pre-Massoretic text
The earliest Hebrew manuscript is the Nash papyrus. There are four fragments, which, when pieced together, give twenty-four lines of a pre-Massoretic text of the Ten Commandments and the shema(Exodus 20:2-17; Deuteronomy 5:6-19; 6:4-5). The writing is without vowels and seems palæographically to be not later than the second century. This is the oldest extant Bible manuscript (see Cook, "A Pre-Massoretic Biblical Papyrus" in "Proceed. of the Soc. of Bib. Arch.", Jan., 1903). It agrees at times with the Septuagint against the Massorah.

(b) Massoretic text
All other Hebrew manuscripts of the Bible are Massoretic (see MASSORAH), and belong to the tenth century or later.

Some of these manuscripts are dated earlier. Text-critics consider these dates to be due either to intentional fraud or to uncritical transcription of dates of older manuscripts. For instance, a codex of the Former and Latter Prophets, how in the Karaite synagogue of Cairo, is dated A.D. 895; Neubauer assigns it to the eleventh or thirteenth century.

The Cambridge manuscript no. 12, dated A.D. 856, he marks as a thirteenth-century work; the date A.D. 489, attached to the St. Petersburg Pentateuch, he rejects as utterly impossible (see Studia Biblica, III, 22).

Probably the earliest Massoretic manuscripts are: "Prophetarium Posteriorum Codex Bablyonicus Petropolitanus", dated A.D. 916;

the St. Petersburg Bible, written by Samuel ben Jacob and dated A.D. 1009;

and "Codex Oriental. 4445" in the British Museum, which Ginsburg (Introduction, p. 469) assigns to A.D. 820-50.

The text critics differ very widely in the dates they assign to certain Hebrew manuscripts. De Rossi is included to think that at most nine or ten Massoretic manuscripts are earlier than the twelfth century (VariæLectiones, I, p. xv).

Worth

The critical study of this rich assortment of about 3400 Massoretic rolls and codices is not so promising of important results as it would at first thought seem to be. The manuscripts are all of quite recent date, if compared with Greek, Latin, and Syriac codices.

____________________________________________________________

old edition Roman Catholic

NAB 1970

http://www.vatican.va/archive/ENG0839/__PNQ.HTM

Isaiah 7:14
Virgin

New American Bible (Revised Edition) NABRE 2011

https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=isaiah%207&version=KJV;NABRE

Isaiah 7:14
Young Woman

______________________________

Old Testament Manuscripts

http://mrrives.com/Gezer/?p=207

Extant manuscripts Old Testament Manuscripts

http://e8xi8z1itz-flywheel.netdna-ssl.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/old-testament-manuscripts.jpg

New Testament Manuscripts

http://brucegerencser.net/2015/01/myth-inerrant-originals/

Manuscript Ancient

http://i.stack.imgur.com/MJnTS.png

authenticity of the Bible

http://dcimin.org/authenticity-bible/

Bible Manuscript

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblical_manuscript#New_Testament_manuscripts

Bibliographical Evidence

https://michaeljscott.wordpress.com/jonathan-munro-adventures/the-lost-scrolls-a-jonathan-munro-adventure/biblical-evidences/

Question
If somebody is a true Atheist, Then why would he care whether Christians believe in God. What does it matter to an Atheist ? The Answer is- They are Not True Atheists. Why would a true Atheist take offense at God, Jesus, etc.

Aquila
http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/1674-aquila-akvlac-foreignchars-v02p034001-jpg-foreignchars

New Testament Manuscripts

http://russellkorets.com/2013/04/12/is-the-bible-trustworthy-on-the-validity-of-the-holy-scriptures/

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Texts_of_the_OT.svg/350px-Texts_of_the_OT.svg.png

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/db/Texts_of_the_OT.svg

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masoretic_Text

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Septuagint

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Texts_of_the_OT.svg

LXX Psalm 21 = Psalm 22

http://ebible.org/eng-Brenton/PSA021.htm

http://biblehub.com/sep/psalms/22.htm

http://qbible.com/brenton-septuagint/psalms/22.html

14 I am poured out like water, and all my bones are loosened: my heart in the midst of my belly is become like melting wax.
15 My strength is dried up, like a potsherd; and my tongue is glued to my throat; and thou hast brought me down to the dust of death.
16 For many dogs have compassed me: the assembly of the wicked doers has beset me round: they pierced my hands and my feet.
17 They counted all my bones; and they observed and looked upon me.
18 They parted my garments among themselves, and cast lots upon my raiment.

http://www.kingjamesbible.com/B19C022.htm

KJV
PSALM 22

14 I am poured out like water, and all my bones are out of joint: my heart is like wax; it is melted in the midst of my bowels.
15 My strength is dried up like a potsherd; and my tongue cleaveth to my jaws; and thou hast brought me into the dust of death.
16 For dogs have compassed me: the assembly of the wicked have inclosed me: they pierced my hands and my feet.
17 I may tell all my bones: they look and stare upon me.
18 They part my garments among them, and cast lots upon my vesture.

http://www.kingjamesbibleonline.org/John-Chapter-19/

JOHN 19

23 Then the soldiers, when they had crucified Jesus, took his garments, and made four parts, to every soldier a part; and also his coat: now the coat was without seam, woven from the top throughout.
24 They said therefore among themselves, Let us not rend it, but cast lots for it, whose it shall be: that the scripture might be fulfilled, which saith, They parted my raiment among them, and for my vesture they did cast lots. These things therefore the soldiers did.

33 But when they came to Jesus, and saw that he was dead already, they brake not his legs:
34 But one of the soldiers with a spear pierced his side, and forthwith came there out blood and water.
35 And he that saw it bare record, and his record is true: and he knoweth that he saith true, that ye might believe.
36 For these things were done, that the scripture should be fulfilled, A bone of him shall not be broken.
37 And again another scripture saith, They shall look on him whom they pierced.

http://www.kingjamesbibleonline.org/Matthew-Chapter-27/

MATTHEW 27

35 And they crucified him, and parted his garments, casting lots: that it might be fulfilled which was spoken by the prophet, They parted my garments among them, and upon my vesture did they cast lots.

LXX Blogs

http://www.ecclesia.org/truth/septuagint.html

http://www.ecclesia.org/truth/defense.html

http://www.history.com/news/history-lists/6-things-you-may-not-know-about-the-dead-sea-scrolls

http://worcestermag.com/2015/08/13/the-dead-sea-scrolls-worcester-west-side-secret/35620

http://newsfeed.time.com/2011/09/27/google-side-project-update-dead-sea-scrolls-are-now-viewable-online/

http://content.time.com/time/photogallery/0,29307,1715128_1537764,00.html

http://www.bibleandscience.com/bible/sources/deadseascrolls.htm

http://www.johnallegro.org/popular-press/popular-press-by-john-allegro/the-untold-story-of-the-dead-sea-scrolls-harpers-1966/

http://www.thechristianidentityforum.net/downloads/Complete-Scrolls.pdf

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_M._Allegro

http://gnosis.org/library/dss/dss_timeline.htm

http://www.crosscurrents.org/deadsea.htm

https://www.logos.com/product/7704/studies-in-the-dead-sea-scrolls-and-related-literature-series

http://www.sundayschoolcourses.com/deadsea/deadsea.pdf

http://www.allabouttruth.org/Septuagint.htm

http://www.allabouttruth.org/septuagint-2.htm

http://www.septuagint.net/septuagint.htm

https://www.ccel.org/bible/brenton/

http://www.biblearchaeology.org/post/2012/02/17/The-Role-of-the-Septuagint-in-the-Transmission-of-the-Scriptures.aspx

http://www.johnsanidopoulos.com/2010/02/septuagint-vs-masoretic-which-is-more.html

https://www.bibleandscience.com/bible/sources/deadseascrolls.htm

http://www.truthmagazine.com/archives/volume45/V4501040102.htm

http://blog.oup.com/2013/07/septuagint-christianity-bible-dead-sea-scrolls/

http://www.doxa.ws/Messiah/Lxx_mt.html

Have a purely objective unbiased Psychiatrist MD review Paul's writing and speeches ~ do they show crazy thought process ? the answer is no ~ the thought process is sound rational intelligent

the thought process itself is evidence

Logic
Logos

http://www.allabouttruth.org/Messianic-Prophecy.htm

“Jesus said to them, ‘This is what I told you while I was still with you: Everything must be fulfilled that is written about me in the Law of Moses, the Prophets and the Psalms.’” Luke 24:44 (NIV)

Born of a virgin (Isaiah 7:14; Matthew 1:21-23)
A descendant of Abraham (Genesis 12:1-3; 22:18; Matthew 1:1; Galatians 3:16)
Of the tribe of Judah (Genesis 49:10; Luke 3:23, 33 Hebrews 7:14)
Of the house of David (2 Samuel 7:12-16; Matthew 1:1)
Born in Bethlehem (Micah 5:2, Matthew 2:1; Luke 2:4-7)
Taken to Egypt (Hosea 11:1; Matthew 2:14-15)
Herod´s killing of the infants (Jeremiah 31:15; Matthew 2:16-18)
Anointed by the Holy Spirit (Isaiah 11:2; Matthew 3:16-17)
Heralded by the messenger of the Lord (John the Baptist) (Isaiah 40:3-5; Malachi 3:1; Matthew 3:1-3)
Would perform miracles (Isaiah 35:5-6; Matthew 9:35)
Would preach good news (Isaiah 61:1; Luke 4:14-21)
Would minister in Galilee (Isaiah 9:1; Matthew 4:12-16)
Would cleanse the Temple (Malachi 3:1; Matthew 21:12-13)
Would first present Himself as King 173,880 days from the decree to rebuild Jerusalem (Daniel 9:25; Matthew 21:4-11)
Would enter Jerusalem as a king on a donkey (Zechariah 9:9; Matthew 21:4-9)
Would be rejected by Jews (Psalm 118:22; 1 Peter 2:7)
Die a humiliating death (Psalm 22; Isaiah 53) involving:

rejection (Isaiah 53:3; John 1:10-11; 7:5, 48)
betrayal by a friend (Psalm 41:9; Luke 22:3-4; John 13:18)
sold for 30 pieces of silver (Zechariah 11:12; Matthew 26:14-15)
silence before His accusers (Isaiah 53:7; Matthew 27:12-14)
being mocked (Psalm 22:7-8; Matthew 27:31)
beaten (Isaiah 52:14; Matthew 27:26)
spit upon (Isaiah 50:6; Matthew 27:30)
piercing His hands and feet (Psalm 22:16; Matthew 27:31)
being crucified with thieves (Isaiah 53:12; Matthew 27:38)
praying for His persecutors (Isaiah 53:12; Luke 23:34)
piercing His side (Zechariah 12:10; John 19:34)
given gall and vinegar to drink (Psalm 69:21, Matthew 27:34, Luke 23:36)
no broken bones (Psalm 34:20; John 19:32-36)
buried in a rich man’s tomb (Isaiah 53:9; Matthew 27:57-60)
casting lots for His garments (Psalm 22:18; John 19:23-24)

Would rise from the dead!! (Psalm 16:10; Mark 16:6; Acts 2:31)
Ascend into Heaven (Psalm 68:18; Acts 1:9)
Would sit down at the right hand of God (Psalm 110:1; Hebrews 1:3)

http://www.allabouttruth.org/messianic-prophecy-2.htm

new testament quotes septuagint

new testament quote septuagint

http://www.catholic.com/quickquestions/in-which-passages-does-jesus-quote-the-septuagint-and-where-does-the-new-testament-al

Of the places where the New Testament quotes the Old, the great majority is from the Septuagint version.

Protestant authors Archer and Chirichigno list 340 places where the New Testament cites the Septuagint but only 33 places where it cites from the Masoretic Text rather than the Septuagint

(G. Archer and G. C. Chirichigno, Old Testament Quotations in the New Testament: A Complete Survey, 25-32).

For those who may not know, the Septuagint was the Greek translation of the Hebrew Old Testament. The common abbreviation for it—LXX, or the Roman numerals for 70—come from a legend that the first part of the Septuagint was done by 70 translators.

By the first century, the LXX was the Bible of Greek-speaking Jews and so was the most frequently used version of the Old Testament in the early Church. For this reason, it was natural for the authors of the New Testament to lift quotes from it while writing in Greek to the Church.

the New Testament authors quoted the LXX frequently, it does not necessarily follow that Christ did.

the Greek New Testament is inspired, and the Holy Spirit chose to have the sacred authors repeatedly cite the LXX.

the Holy Spirit chooses to use the Septuagint when translating his words into Greek.

here is an example where the Greek gospels present Jesus as quoting the Septuagint: In Mark 7:6–7, Jesus quotes the LXX of Isaiah 29:13 when he says, "Well did Isaiah prophesy of you hypocrites, as it is written, ‘This people honors me with their lips, but their heart is far from me; in vain do they worship me, teaching as doctrines the precepts of men.’"

the New Testament authors’ use of the Septuagint is because it contains the seven deuterocanonical books that are now omitted from Protestant Bibles.

Showing that the New Testament authors quoted from the LXX argues in favor of the inspiration of these seven books.

For a full list of potential New Testament allusions to the deuterocanonical books, refer to the Web site

http://www.thecatholicanswerman.com/id60.html

http://www.thecatholicanswerman.com/id60.html

http://www.cin.org/users/james/files/deutero3.htm

http://www.amazon.com/Old-Testament-Quotations-New-Complete/dp/1597520403

http://www.amazon.com/Old-Testament-Quotations-New-Complete/dp/1597520403

http://www.amazon.com/Old-Testament-Quotations-New-Complete/dp/1597520403

http://www.catholic.com/quickquestions/in-which-passages-does-jesus-quote-the-septuagint-and-where-does-the-new-testament-al

http://www.catholic.com/quickquestions/in-which-passages-does-jesus-quote-the-septuagint-and-where-does-the-new-testament-al

Of the places where the New Testament quotes the Old, the great majority is from the Septuagint version. Protestant authors Archer and Chirichigno list 340 places where the New Testament cites the Septuagint but only 33 places where it cites from the Masoretic Text rather than the Septuagint (G. Archer and G. C. Chirichigno, Old Testament Quotations in the New Testament: A Complete Survey, 25-32).

http://www.amazon.com/Old-Testament-Quotations-New-Complete/dp/1597520403

Old Testament Quotations in the New Testament: A Complete Survey Paperback – January 26, 2005
by Gregory Chirichigno (Author), Gleason L. Archer (Author)

http://www.bible-researcher.com/quote01.html

http://www.pravoslavie.ru/english/47414.htm

http://www.kalvesmaki.com/LXX/NTChart.htm

http://www.scripturecatholic.com/septuagint.html

http://www.ecclesia.org/truth/comparisons.html

http://www.ecclesia.org/truth/septuagint.html

http://www.bible.ca/b-canon-jesus-favored-old-testament-textual-manuscript.htm

http://biblehub.com/library/barrows/companion_to_the_bible/chapter_xxxix_quotations_from_the.htm

https://www.jesus-is-lord.com/KJB-PCE-2THESSALONIANS.htm

THE
SECOND EPISTLE OF PAUL THE APOSTLE
TO THE
THESSALONIANS.
CHAPTER 2

3 Let no man deceive you by any means: for that day shall not come, except there come a falling away first, and that man of sin be revealed, the son of perdition;

http://biblehub.com/commentaries/2_thessalonians/2-3.htm

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quotations_from_the_Hebrew_Bible_in_the_New_Testament

https://stephencook.wordpress.com/2013/04/16/it-is-written-quotations-from-the-old-testament-in-the-new-testament-3/

http://www.septuagint.net

http://www.biblestudytools.com/bible-study/tips/what-bible-did-jesus-use-11638841.html

http://www.gotquestions.org/septuagint.html

http://earlychurch.com/septuagint.php

Septuagint was the first translation made of the Hebrew Old Testament into Greek. It was begun over two hundred years before the birth of Jesus Christ. It was translated from a Hebrew Old Testament text-type that is older than the Masoretic text, from which most Old Testaments are translated today.

the apostles had access to both the Septuagint and to the proto-Masoretic text that was in existence in their time. And they chose to quote from the Septuagint—not the proto-Masoretic text.

many of the Old Testament passages that are quoted in the New Testament don't read the same in the New as they do in the Old. However, if you were using the Septuagint Old Testament, they would read the same.

http://www.aletheiacollege.net/james/james_d11.html

The following evidence indicates that the Septuagint was in places accepted as a valid reflection of God’s word by the inspired writers of the New Testament.

there are many places where the LXX differs from the Masoretic text

http://www.biblearchaeology.org/post/2012/02/17/The-Role-of-the-Septuagint-in-the-Transmission-of-the-Scriptures.aspx

https://blog.logos.com/2010/10/using_the_septuagint_when_studying_the_new_testament/

http://forum.davidicke.com/showthread.php?t=32990

http://www.doxa.ws/Messiah/Lxx_mt.html

http://www.pastormike.com/dead-sea-scrolls/

http://www.deadseascrolls.org.il/explore-the-archive/image/B-295662?locale=en_US

https://www.apologeticspress.org/apcontent.aspx?category=13&article=357

the Septuagint is the battle ground

vs 6vv

sometimes Roman Catholics have the right idea

sometimes KJV only people have the right idea

KJV only have the right intention, but facts and logic are problems sometimes,
especially regarding the OT, NT is pretty much ok

http://testimony-magazine.org

http://testimony-magazine.org/back/jun2011/burke.pdf

http://testimony-magazine.org/back/jun2011/burke.pdf

http://testimony-magazine.org/back/jun2011/burke.pdf

http://www.bibliahebraica.com/the_texts/rabbinic_bible.htm

Ben Hayyim edition

First published in 1525
Mikraot Gedolot
edited by the masoretic scholar Yaakov ben Hayyim.

The Mikraot Gedolot of Ben Hayyim
was riddled with thousands of technical errors.

many of Ben Hayyim's errors

http://www.testimony-magazine.org/back/jun2011/perry.pdf

"Young Woman" instead of "Virgin" in Isaiah 7:14 *Page 999

Catholic Study Bible NABRE (2011) has "Young Woman" instead of "Virgin" in Isaiah 7:14

" Therefore the Lord himself will give you a sign;
the Young Woman, pregnant and about to bear a son, shall name him Emmanuel. "

You can see this "revision" on *Page 999

2 Thessalonians 2:3
" the apostasy comes first " NABRE (2011)
" there come a falling away first " KJV

John Paul II
On the Blessed Virgin Mary
March 25, 1987
Second Vatican Council:
Mary is the Mother of God (= Theotókos),
since by the power of the Holy Spirit
she conceived in her Virginal womb
and brought into the world Jesus Christ,
the Son of God, who is of one being with the Father.
" The Son of God...
born of the Virgin Mary
...has truly been made one of us "

Vatican website
First Edition
New American Bible (1970) Isaiah 7:14
Therefore the Lord himself will give you this sign:
the Virgin shall be with child,
and bear a son, and shall name him Immanuel.

First Edition New American Bible (1970) Isaiah 7:14 "Virgin"
Revised NABRE (2011) Isaiah 7:14 "Young Woman"

This how you do it.
Use Their Words
Evidence
Logic
Logical sequence
Key quotes

Perfect style

Logical sequence
Highlight Redline
Clip show Cut paste
Sequence Order
DK style of argument
Power Point facts
Silence
Let the Audience make the links
Use their words against them
Their Words ~ turn the sword

A/O
A a O
Alpha AND Omega

don't forget AND = The MIDDLE

NT is less corruptible,
because it is newer,
and for much of history has been in the hands of Christians
in some form

OT is more corruptible,
it's older,
and is in non-chrisitian hands

Jerome is a branch point

Through History
there have been right turns
and left turns
wrong turns

Jerome, may have been good intentioned,
or maybe not, but he made a wrong decision

When discussing the Bible versions,
First you must openly declare the Reader and Audience.
1) Christian ?
2) Which Demomination ?

? Jewish reader
? Academic
? Historian
? Literature
? new reader

For True Christian with Jesus Christ as Alpha and Omega,
the Greek New Testament in the Greek Language,
and the Greek Old Testament Septuagint LXX in the Greek Language,
contained in the Greek Orthodox Church is the only True option.

Then the question is:
Which English translation.
When looking for English translations,
Keep your eye in the Orthodox Greek Bible.

He is there

despite efforts to cover up
if you look hard
if you search
you will find Him

I Found You

____________________________

Baylor LSU 7-0
argument

explain something for me

facts
in logical Sequence

just the facts

please explain
to your humble me
i'm confused

i supply the Pearls
let the audience supply the chains
then together
the truth is revealed
pearl necklace

____________________________

The Writings of the Apostolic Fathers
http://www.goarch.org/ourfaith/ourfaith8074

____________________________

http://www.jewfaq.org/biblio.htm

Recommended Books and Publishers

Level: Basic

The question I am most frequently asked is, "Where can I find a book on..." Below is information about some of the resources I have used in compiling the information on this site.

You can help support the Judaism 101 website by using the links below to purchase these and other books from Amazon.com. Proceeds from these Amazon links are used to pay the out-of-pocket expenses of running this website. Any proceeds exceeding those out-of-pocket expenses are donated to Jewish charities, including Hillel organizations at various colleges I have been affiliated with.

Bibles

There can be no resource more important than a text of the Bible itself. Although it is best to read it in the original Hebrew, or at least refer to the original Hebrew to appreciate its nuances, all of the texts below contain English translations.

These English translations, unlike most of the translations you will find, are prepared by Jews using the Jewish understanding of the meaning of the scriptures, without the Christian slant you will find in many non-Jewish translations.

Note: "Tanakh" (also spelled "Tanach") is a Hebrew acronym that refers to the complete Jewish Bible, what non-Jews call the "Old Testament." "Chumash," on the other hand, includes only the parts of the Bible that are included in formal Torah readings during services: the Torah (Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers and Deuteronomy) along with selected corresponding readings from the prophets.

Tanakh: A New Translation of the Holy Scriptures, Jewish Publication Society (Hardcover) (Paperback) (Kindle)

Often referred to as the JPS translation, this is an updated version of the first and most commonly used Jewish translation into English. Unlike the original JPS translation, this one is written in easy-to-read modern English. This book contains only English, no Hebrew text.

Code Words
Liberal Academic Modern

JPS
talk about slant

dual standard
shifting standards

declare the rules and standards

Truth

True-est English Translation
1. Jesus Christ God
2. true honest pure Christians

For the New Testament,
"They" say use the oldest manuscripts,
and be eclectic.
This argues for bad manuscript outside the Christian church.
Also the newly discovered older manuscript
is just a little older.

If you use the oldest manuscript
for the Old Testament,
then you have to use the Septuagint LXX.

But they say
for the Old Testament,
use the original language argument,
which argues for the Masoretic
which is Not the oldest.
But they said use the oldest for the New Testament.
And if you use the original language

They Old Testament
Original Langauage
- not the oldest
- errors
- not within Christian Church
- not eclectic

They New Testament
Oldest Manuscript, electic
- not really older
- not within the Christian Church
- not original language Greek

http://www.superbook.org/LAMSA/FAQ/peshitta_manuscripts_older.htm

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syriac_versions_of_the_Bible

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peshitta

http://www.peshitta.org/initial/peshitta.html

http://nazarenespace.com/profiles/blogs/which-is-the-oldest-aramaic-2

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aramaic_language

Dead Sea Scrolls may provide new insight
but consider who controls the Dead Sea Scrolls

http://www.chron.com/neighborhood/woodlands/crime-courts/article/Doctor-charged-in-fatal-Montgomery-County-crash-6524083.php

Prosecutors: Pain medicine doc over-prescribed to retiree involved in fatal crash
By Mihir Zaveri and Cindy Horswell Updated 8:40 am, Thursday, September 24, 2015

http://www.pewforum.org/2015/05/12/americas-changing-religious-landscape/

Christian 70.8 = 71

Faiths NonChristian 5.9 = 6

Unaffiliated 22.8 = 23

Nothing in particular 15.8 = 16

Truth and Numbers

Truth is on yours side

Numbers is on your side

Science and Math are on your side

Logic

People want Truth, Logic, Right makes Might

1-Thessalonians-Chapter-5

21 Prove all things; hold fast that which is good.

Matthew 7:7

Ask, and it shall be given you; seek, and ye shall find; knock, and it shall be opened unto you

http://www.jewishdatabank.org/studies/downloadFile.cfm?fileid=3113

http://www.jewishpress.com/news/jewish-news/jews-less-than-0-2-of-world-population/2012/09/20/

http://www.jewfaq.org/populatn.htm

https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/US-Israel/usjewpop.html

http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2013/10/02/how-many-jews-are-there-in-the-united-states/

http://www.pewforum.org/religious-landscape-study/

http://www.pewforum.org/2015/04/02/jews/

http://www.pewforum.org/files/2015/03/PF_15.04.02_ProjectionsFullReport.pdf

http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2015/04/14/muslims-expected-to-surpass-jews-as-second-largest-u-s-religious-group/

http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/Society_&_Culture/newpop.html

http://www.religionnews.com/2015/06/11/us-jewish-numbers-no-longer-declining-demographic-worries-persist/

http://www.thejewishweek.com/news/national/less-christian-us-seen-disturbing-israel

http://www.pewforum.org/2015/05/12/americas-changing-religious-landscape/

http://en.idi.org.il/events/conferences-and-seminars/findings-of-the-third-guttman-avi-chai-report/

http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3809043,00.html

https://www.quora.com/What-percentage-of-Jews-are-atheists

http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/news/religion/story/2011-09-26/jew-atheist-god/50553958/1

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewish_atheism

Latin Vulgate

http://www.reformation.org/latin-vulgate-unmasked.html

http://www.reformation.org/list-of-changes-to-divine-names.html

http://www.latinvulgate.com

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vulgate

http://www.bible-researcher.com/vulgate1.html

https://www.catholicculture.org/culture/library/view.cfm?recnum=7470

___________________________________________

TURIN

The Shroud of Turin [BBC]

https://vimeo.com/66933515

BBC How did the Turin Shroud get its image

http://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-33164668

A Quantum Hologram of Christ's Resurrection

http://www.khouse.org/articles/2008/847

A Quantum Hologram of Christ's Resurrection

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bJnncI3XjyQ

Particle Physicist explains Event Horizon, "Proof of the Shroud of Turin and Jesus's Resurrection"

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HHVUGK6UFK8

THE EVENT HORIZON OF THE SHROUD OF TURIN

http://shroud3d.com/findings/isabel-piczek-image-formation

Sudarium of Oviedo

https://www.shroud.com/guscin.htm

Barrie Schwortz

https://www.shroud.com

Sudarium of Oviedo

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudarium_of_Oviedo

Stains on the Sudarium of Oviedo coincide with those on the Shroud

http://vaticaninsider.lastampa.it/en/inquiries-and-interviews/detail/articolo/sindone-40815/

The Sudarium of Oviedo is by most accounts the best validation of the Shroud of Turin as the true burial cloth of Jesus of Nazareth

http://www.catholicworldreport.com/Blog/3783/the_other_shroud_of_christ.aspx

Sudarium

http://www.sudariumchristi.com/uk/tomb/compare.htm

Shroud of Turin

http://www.public.iastate.edu/~rhetoric/105H17/ahersey/cof.html

Scientific Articles by STURP

http://shrouduniversity.com/libraryarticles1.php

The 1978 STURP Team

https://www.shroud.com/78team.htm

Radiocarbon Measurement and the Age of the Turin Shroud:
Possibilities and Uncertainties

https://www.shroud.com/meacham.htm

BBC Turin shroud older than thought
http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/4210369.stm

Radiocarbon 14 dating of the Shroud of Turin

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/

Journal of Archaeological Science
Volume 23, Issue 1, 5 January 1996, Pages 109–121

Effects of fires and biofractionation of carbon isotopes on results of radiocarbon dating of old textiles: the Shroud of Turin

Dmitri Kouznetsov, Andrey Ivanov, Pavel Veletsky

1532 Chambéry fire

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0305440396900096

C-14 Debate
from the Shroud Newsgroup

https://www.shroud.com/c14debat.htm

The Shroud of Turin And the Carbon Dating

http://shroud2000.com/CarbonDatingNews.html

The Shroud of Turin Evidence it is authentic

http://www.newgeology.us/presentation24.html

Shroud of Turin

http://www.historian.net/shroud.htm

evidence for the skewing of the C-14

dating of the shroud of turin due to

repairs by joseph marino and sue benford

jc

Sunday, October 25, 2015

Part 2 Turin